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- Haas et al.
Hyrdokinetic tidal energy is the conversion of tidal current kinetic energy to another more useful form, frequently electricity. As with any other form of renewable energy, resource assessments are essential for the tidal energy project planning and design process. While tidal currents have significant spatial and temporal variability, the predictability of tidal flows makes deterministic…
- Roshanmanesh et al.
Tidal energy is still a developing renewable energy source with only a few commercial projects having been commissioned to date. Although there are several different device designs that have been proposed and investigated for harvesting tidal energy, most of them have only been tested either at model or small scale. A handful of designs have managed to gather sufficient financial support to be…
- Robertson
The vast global wave energy resource holds great promise as an abundant, carbon-neutral resource for electricity generation. For wave energy to make a significant and measurable role in reducing our carbon footprint, highly resolved and accurate assessments of the gross wave resource are a necessity. A comprehensive wave resource assessment provides a quantitative summary of the full…
- Zhaoqing and Taiping. W.
Over the last decade, many studies have been conducted to estimate the upper limit of the theoretical resource of tidal stream energy and its associated influence on volume flux. However, studies aimed at evaluating the effects of tidal energy extraction on water exchange and transport timescale have been limited. This chapter provides a detailed review of different methods—from analytical…
- Daborn et al.
There should be little doubt that the world needs to diminish its dependence upon fossil fuels for electricity generation. Marine renewable energy (MRE), in the forms of offshore wind, tidal, wave, or ocean thermal energy, remains the largest under-exploited energy source, with the potential to supply more than the total electricity demand in the world. It is estimated that the…
- Rasool et al.
The ocean is a gigantic source of renewable and predictable green energy. The ocean alone can provide around 10 TW of energy to the total world energy demand. The ocean energy, in general, and the wave energy, in particular, has gained the attention of researchers because of its huge potential in the past few decades. In most cases, the output power of a single wave energy conversion (WEC)…
- Karimirad
In the previous chapters, the loads and load cases important for offshore energy structures are discussed. To assess the functionality and structural integrity of a design, it is needed to predict the motion and structural responses. A reliable and robust design should be based on accurate calculation of loads and responses. Offshore energy structures are complicated, respect to the dependency…
- Karimirad
Offshore energy structures are subjected to oceanic environmental loads. Aerodynamics and hydrodynamics are the governing loads for the majority of the structures and structural components. Generally, the most important hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loads are presented by wave and wind loading. However, in some cases and for special design/concepts, the ocean current and hydrostatic loads may…
- Karimirad
As it is mentioned in the previous chapter, wave and wind are the main sources of environmental loads. The first step in performing rational structural dynamic analysis to find load-effects is setting realistic environmental conditions. The most important for renewable offshore energy structures are the wind and wave at the park site. However, at some offshore locations, other parameters may…
- Karimirad
In the previous chapters, the wind turbines, wave-energy converters, combined wave and wind energy as well as hybrid marine platforms are explained. This chapter focuses on the design aspects of marine structures. Offshore renewable energy devices are facing the marine environments and should survive the ocean wave and wind loads during their life. Hence, similar to the other marine structures…
- Karimirad
In the previous chapters, wind turbines and wave-energy converters are separately explained. Land-based wind turbines and their key components as well as offshore wind turbines are discussed. Examples of existing projects for both fixed and floating wind turbines are given while the main supporting structures for the offshore wind industry are introduced. The wave-energy converters and their…
- Davies
Polymer matrix fibre reinforced composites have been employed in marine applications for over 50 years, and there is considerable experience of their long term behaviour. However, the recent development of systems designed to recover ocean energy, such as tidal turbines and wave energy generators, imposes much more severe constraints on materials than traditional structures. The requirements…
- Vega
The vertical temperature distribution in the open ocean can be represented as two layers separated by an interface. The upper layer is warmed by the sun and mixed to depths of about 100 m by wave motion. The bottom layer consists of colder water formed at high latitudes. The interface or thermocline is sometimes marked by an abrupt change in temperature but more often the change is gradual.…
- Clary et al.
A simple CFD modeling using force source terms in the momentum equation is implemented, with the aim of computing the performance of a Darrieus turbine in its exploitation area and simulating the wake created behind the turbine. It uses the RANS solution method to reproduce ambient turbulent flow conditions with relatively low computational costs. The force distribution used is three-…
- Vyzikas et al.
This paper examines an extreme wave event which occurred during a storm at the Wave Hub site in 2012. The extreme wave of 9.57m height was identified from a time series of the heave data collected by an Oceanor Sewatch Mini II Buoy deployed at the site. An energy density spectrum was derived from this time series and then used to drive a physical model, which represents the extreme wave at 1:…
- Goh and Ismail
The development of renewable and sustainable energy sources has been acknowledged as the most straightforward strategy for global energy security to deal with growing environmental concerns. Out of the available renewable resources, oceans represent a huge untapped potential candidate to provide clean energy while addressing water shortage issue. The utilization of salinity gradients between…
- Sarp and Hilal
Salinity gradient processes have a great potential to reduce the energy consumption in water treatment, especially when high salinity waters are in question. Even though the theoretical approaches for the salinity gradient processes are quite strong, there are still several issues before these processes can be applied in full scale. One of the most important challenges between theoretical and…
- Hong et al.
Reverse electrodialysis (RED) as a technique to harvest salinity gradient power has drawn increasing attention in the past decades. The key component of the RED stack, the ion exchange membrane (IEM), is limiting the development of salinity gradient power generation because of its suboptimal properties. These properties include electrical area resistance, permselectivity, and ion exchange…
- Masuda
A wave power generator was a good target for an inventor. I began to invent a wave power generator in 1945, but has taken a long time to get a feasible device, and large scale application is still at the development stage.
Click here to view the book Hydrodynamics of Ocean Wave-…
- Falnes and McIver
A linear hydrodynamical theory for a system of oscillating bodies and oscillating water columns (OWCs) is described and illustrated by considering a system of one OWC and one body oscillating in a single mode only. A theoretical relationship between added mass and the energy of the near field motion is generalised to include OWCs. Numerical results are given for a two-dimensional example where…
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