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In the last years, environmental concern has increased. Protests against climate change have been massive in the main cities of the world. Deadlines for points of no return have been reached again and again. Now, the problem of climate change caused by humans is a reality, and adverse effects can only be mitigated. This problem is closely linked to emissions of greenhouse gases. One of the…
Understanding the risk of collision between tidal stream turbines and marine species is required for environmental impact assessment. Field observations are often limited by sensor capabilities. This study used a laboratory-scale water tank to monitor fine-scale fish behavior near a model of rotating turbine blades. Differences in behavior between three species were investigated:Oryzias…
Anthropogenic noise is a recognized global pollutant, affecting a wide range of nonhuman animals. However, most research considers only whether noise pollution has an impact, ignoring that individuals within a species or population exhibit substantial variation in responses to stress. Here, we first outline how intrinsic characteristics (e.g., body size, condition, sex, and personality) and…
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary is located in Massachusetts Bay off the densely populated northeast coast of the United States; subsequently, the marine inhabitants of the area are exposed to elevated levels of anthropogenic underwater sound, particularly due to commercial shipping. The current study investigated the alteration of estimated effective communication spaces at three…
The number of marine watercraft is on the rise—from private boats in coastal areas to commercial ships crossing oceans. A concomitant increase in underwater noise has been reported in several regions around the globe. Given the important role sound plays in the life functions of marine mammals, research on the potential effects of vessel noise has grown—in particular since the year 2000. We…
Sea turtles spend much of their life in aquatic environments, but critical portions of their life cycle, such as nesting and hatching, occur in terrestrial environments, suggesting that it may be important for them to detect sounds in both air and water. In this study we compared underwater and aerial hearing sensitivities in five juvenile green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) by measuring…
Passive acoustic monitoring was used to document the presence of singing humpback whales off the coast of Northern Angola, and opportunistically test for the effect of seismic survey activity in the vicinity on the number of singing whales. Two Marine Autonomous Recording Units (MARUs) were deployed between March and December 2008 in the offshore environment. Song was first heard in mid June…
The ocean science community has invested heavily in coordinating systems developed to make ocean observations. The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is a research program developed to coordinate ocean observing systems. Expert panels identify requirements for the systems in terms of Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs). The absence of sound in the list of EOVs should be striking to most ocean…
As scholars in the field of marine energy, we often engage with the topic of climate change as a motivation for our work. When we do, we are constructing a relationship between climate change and marine energy. The relationship which we construct impacts our ability to effectively address the crisis. In this paper, we perform a textual analysis of papers from the 13th European Wave and Tidal…
Ocean renewable energy sources hold the potential to contribute to the options of low-carbon energy sources and enhance the efforts by the global community to mitigate climate change. This chapter provides a brief background on the current state of technology and the development of wave, tidal and ocean thermal energy and considers their potential as forms of renewable energy as well as the…
Avoidance of anthropogenic sounds has been measured in many species. The results, which are typically based on observations in limited exposure contexts, are frequently used to inform policy and the regulation of industrial activities. However, the occurrence and magnitude of avoidance may be a consequence of complex risk-balancing decisions made by animals. The importance of the factors in…
Much progress has been made in recent decades in harnessing energy from the ocean, particularly from waves and tides, with the aim of providing clean, renewable energy and reducinggreenhouse gas emissions. Recent advances in the offshore renewable energy (ORE) industry can largely be attributed to ocean energy test centers. The European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in Scotland has so far hosted…
We focus on how the concept of knowledge infrastructure can help interrogate both the novelties and continuities in energy transitions. In particular, we turn attention to research, innovation, and knowledge production capacities in renewable energy transitions. We outline the subfield of knowledge infrastructures and introduce concepts relevant to energy research. We especially illustrate the…
In light of climate change and greenhouse gas reduction, countries around the world are doing their part to develop various types of eco-friendly energy. In this context, the Shihwa Tidal Power Plant is an advanced energy generation infrastructure which uses the resources of the sea, a project that pioneers and practices low-carbon, green growth engineering. Not only as an advanced energy…
Offshore Renewable Energy (ORE), comprising marine (wave and tidal energy), and offshore wind, has the potential to supply large amounts of ‘green’ sustainable energy, reducing CO2emissions. The main obstacles to deployment so far are technical challenges and cost. However, there are also concerns about how harnessing offshore energy can affect the local habitats and marine life, as well as…
A Funding Grant was awarded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme to develop and validate an innovative tidal turbine control system, using the tidal turbine itself as a sensor, to deliver a step change improvement in turbine performance. This will demonstrate Effective Lifetime Extension in the Marine Environment for Tidal Energy (ELEMENT), driving the EU…
A Funding Grant was awarded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme to develop and validate an innovative tidal turbine control system, using the tidal turbine itself as a sensor, to deliver a step change improvement in the performance. This will demonstrate Effective Lifetime Extension in the Marine Environment for Tidal Energy (ELEMENT), driving the EU tidal…
Ocean noise has become a chronic issue. The Northeast's Passive Acoustic Research Group participates in a variety of collaborative projects geared towards addressing this issue and working towards solutions.
This website provides details on the following:
NOAA's Ocean Noise Strategy
The NOAA CetSound Project
NOAA's Ocean Noise Reference Stations…We conduct surveys and develop abundance and distribution models to better understand how protected species such as whales, dolphins, and sea turtles use our waters.
This website provides access to:
NOAA's Research
Reports
Links
News and Outreach
More InformationSound is created by a vibrating object. Sound travels as a wave through a medium, for example, a liquid (such as water), a solid (such as the seafloor), or a gas (such as air). Therefore, sound does not exist in the vacuum of space.
A sound wave is an example of a compressional or longitudinal wave. Below is an animation in which a hand applies pressure to the end of a simulated slinky…
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