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- Book Chapter:
Adimazoya and Doelle
Ocean renewable energy sources hold the potential to contribute to the options of low-carbon energy sources and enhance the efforts by the global community to mitigate climate change. This chapter provides a brief background on the current state of technology and the development of wave, tidal and ocean thermal energy and considers their potential as forms of renewable energy as well as the…
- Book Chapter:
Hawkins and Popper
In assessing the impact of aquatic developments, it is important to evaluate whether accompanying underwater sounds might have adverse effects on fishes. Risk assessment can then be used to evaluate new and existing technologies for effective prevention, control, or mitigation of impacts. It is necessary to know the levels of sound that may cause potential harm to different species from…
- Book Chapter:
Parmentier and Fine
In addition to briefly reviewing sound-producing mechanisms, this chapter focuses on an under-appreciated evolutionary process, exaptation, which could aid in understanding the independent origins and high diversity of sound-producing mechanisms in fishes. Existing anatomical structures first used in non-voluntary sound production provide advantages that result in further selection and…
- Book Chapter:
Popper et al.
This chapter, written from the perspective of four authors who have been studying fish bioacoustics for over 120 years (cumulative!), examines the major issues of the field. Each topic is put in some historical perspective, but the chapter emphasizes current thinking about acoustic communication, hearing (including bandwidth, sensitivity, detection of signals in noise, discrimination, and…
- Book Chapter:
Webb
Morphological, physiological, behavioral, and developmental studies of the mechanosensory lateral line system are used to define sources of morphological and functional variation in the system among fishes (and briefly in amphibians), review patterns and mechanisms of embryonic and postembryonic development, discuss how interspecific variation in morphology is explained by developmental…
- Document, Book Chapter:
Wickizer et al.
Marine renewable energy is poised to grow in the coming decades, contributing to the shift toward a sustainable energy regime. However, realizing marine renewable energy’s potential will require a reliable, efficient policy apparatus, as well as the recognition of potential conflicts related to its development and the importance of stakeholder preferences. In this chapter, we examine the state…
- Document, Book Chapter:
Fredriksen
Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Nova Scotia, in this chapter I explore the ways in which independent and community fishers in the Bay of Fundy are seeking to carry forward old ways of living with tidal waters through the shifting present and into uncertain futures. Recent initiatives to develop tidal energy in the Bay of Fundy have intensified efforts to stake out claims to legitimate…
- Book Chapter:
Worboys et al.
This book documents, for the first time in a single text, the multi-disciplinary task of managing protected areas. An applied text, it presents numerous case studies and snapshots that demonstrate the stunning variety of Australian protected areas. It focuses on the conservation future of Australia's outstanding natural and cultural heritage, which is displayed in reserves such as…
- Book Chapter:
Morgera
The ecosystem approach can be considered the landmark regulatory strategy of the Convention on Biological Diversity and other biodiversity-related conventions. But legal scholarship is surprisingly thin with regard to the status and implications of the ecosystem approach. This chapter discusses the evolution of the ecosystem approach under the Convention on Biological Diversity, and analyses…
- Book Chapter:
Lythgoe
The conditions for vision underwater are more exacting than on land. As the depth increases, the daylight gets progressively less bright, and that which remains comes mostly from above and is restricted to a narrow and variable band of the spectrum. Deeper than about 1,000 m in even the clearest water, there is not enough daylight for vision, and animals must produce their own light. At all…
- Book Chapter:
Cooney
Biodiversity includes the diversity of genes, species and ecosystems on earth, but here for convenience I focus on species loss and ecosystem degradation. At least five times since life evolved on Earth, mass extinction events have taken place, involving the extinction of vast numbers of species (Futuyma, 1998). Perhaps over 95 per cent of all species that have lived on earth are now extinct (…
- Book Chapter:
Makino et al.
Using a case of the Sekisei Lagoon, Okinawa Prefecture, the southeastern tip of Japanese archipelago, this chapter discussed the interrelationships among the sectoral policy interventions by various marine-related ministries, and the whole structure of the integrated ocean policy. First, we developed the Social-Ecological Systems (SES) Schematic, which summarized the main ecosystem structures…
- Book Chapter:
Catto
Coastlines in Atlantic Canada are influenced by microtidal, mesotidal, macrotidal, and hypertidal regimes. Although the hypertidal inner Bay of Fundy has attracted the most attention from geomorphologists and visitors, all atlantic tidal environments are marked by interesting and distinctive coastscapes, influenced by pre-existing topography, coastal bedrock lithology and Quaternary sediment,…
- Book Chapter:
Šimelytė
This chapter of the book analyses the problems of renewable and fossil-based energy consumption and focuses on the potential of renewable sources in Morocco. Particular emphasis is put on the promotion of renewable energy technologies. Morocco implements energy efficiency programs in parallel with the Wind promotion plan and Morocco Solar plan, which is one of the largest projects in the world…
- Book Chapter:
Mentel and Nakonieczny
Recent research on risk diversification is characterized by a strict dependence of risk on the natural environment. At present, the relationship between humans and the environment is the most important subject of consideration, and any changes taking place in the environment are the subject of an increased interest in it. Indeed, the concept of risk and decision-making in conditions of…
- Book Chapter:
Jakstas
This chapter introduces the meaning of energy security. It starts by presenting different definitions of energy security. It then discusses different perspectives of energy security by looking from the point of view of energy importers, exporters, transit countries, and military. By the end of the chapter, the main energy security challenges, risks, and vulnerabilities are discussed in order…
- Book Chapter:
Genys
The shifted research gaze in energy security studies leads to formulation of new question: is it possible to talk not only about objective indicators of material deprivation and poverty caused by the lack of energy security but take into account indicators from sociocultural dimension? By analyzing solely objective processes and considering economic and political reasons as well as…
- Book Chapter:
Iorio and Monni
Legal Amazon has one of the richest concentrations of natural resources in Brazil. It is composed of nine Brazilian states, among which Pará stands out both for its considerable territorial dimension and undisputed economic potential. Its potential has boosted the country's growth through the implementation of national programs of sectoral interest, given that the main sectors explored in…
- Book Chapter:
Brożyna
Care for the natural environment is just as important in the modern world, and especially in the European Union, as taking care of economic growth. As a member of the European Union, Poland is committed to implement the Europe 2020 strategy and the 3×20 climate and energy package that contains three key goals to be achieved by 2020. These goals are: reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 20…
- Book Chapter:
Tvaronavičienė et al.
Increasing growth of economic activity conditions increases energy consumption. This chapter introduces world energy consumption scenarios. Primary energy consumption tendencies, global energy consumption structure are presented, threats to sustainable energy future are revealed, and the role of renewables explained. In order to get a better understanding of energy, readers are acquainted with…
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