Abstract
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a renewable energy technology that harnesses the temperature differential between warm surface water and cold deep water to generate electricity. While extensive research has focused on large-scale and small-scale OTEC systems, there remains a notable gap in the investigation of mid-scale systems which have recently become feasible to construct due to advances in pipeline technologies. This paper conducts an in-depth modeling study of a mid-scale OTEC system, specifically developing a numerical model of a 10-20 MW floating closed-cycle OTEC plant.
Our model incorporates a thorough system architecture and feasibility assessments to evaluate electrical power production potential across various locations in the Southeastern United States and the Caribbean, focusing on the impact of warm and cold water temperature variations, as well as the depth of cold water intake on power generation. Utilizing two years of daily HYCOM thermal data, we predict electrical power output based on intake temperatures for warm and cold water, accounting for seasonal fluctuations. In addition, we analyze cold water intake depths ranging from 200 m to 1500 m to determine their effects on system performance. Furthermore, we explore critical system parameters such as pump capacities, heat exchanger specifications, turbine/generator ratings, and optimal flow rates. Our comprehensive analysis generates location-specific metrics for power production, including minimum, mean, maximum, and standard deviation values, offering a detailed assessment of OTEC potential in specific regions within the Southeastern United States.
This research delivers vital insights into the viability and performance of mid-scale OTEC systems under varying ocean conditions, paving the way for strategic advancements in ocean thermal energy exploitation in targeted areas.