Abstract
The rapid development of the Blue Economic Zone on the Shandong Peninsula has generated a huge demand for renewableenergy. Sensibly developing and utilizing these resources can provide a stable energy supply for marine pastures. However,assessing energy development potential must be done before the resources are developed. Using the fifth-generation atmospherereanalysis dataset (ERA5) from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) over nearly 15 years, thisstudy assessed the combined wave and wind energy potential around the Shandong Peninsula’s marine pastures. A method wasproposed to determine sites for combined wave and wind energy, analyzing the abundance, availability, stability, and correlation(CO) of these two resources in the sea surrounding the marine pastures. This novel approach addresses the limitations oftraditional, disparate evaluation systems for wave and wind resources, enhancing assessment efficiency and accuracy. Utilizingthe Joint Zoning Coefficients (JZCs) derived from these four indexes and considering the constraints related to the distance fromthe marine pastures, the VIOKR methodology was used to identify the four key sites most suitable for resource development. TheJZC innovatively incorporates indicator weights and optimal station construction distance, a feature often overlooked in previousmulti-indicator assessments, to provide a more scientific basis for site selection. At these sites, the propagation direction as well asthe cross-CO with different time lags were analyzed. Finally, the most suitable wave energy converters (WECs) and wind turbines(WTs) have been identified, and the distribution of power generation times for different device combinations has been analyzed.This comprehensive device selection and power generation analysis aims to maximize energy conversion efficiency and ensurestable power output for marine pastures. The study findings offer decision-making support for the combined wave and windenergy resources in the Shandong Peninsula.