Abstract
The energy transition hinges on the effective integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid. Islands can provide invaluable insights into the challenges and opportunities of integrating variable renewable energy into the grid due to their relatively small power systems, isolated grids, and diverse availability of renewable energy resources. This paper presents a study on the system benefits and challenges of marine energy integration in insular power systems, focusing on the Orkney Islands as a case study. A microgrid modeling approach that optimizes the mix of renewable sources and energy storage systems for future scenarios considering strategic time horizons (2030, 2040, and 2050) was employed. Results suggest that integrating ocean energies, namely, wave and tidal energy, yields notable benefits compared to traditional renewable energy sources exclusively. These benefits encompass reduced installed capacity, minimized energy storage requirements, lower excess generation, and overall cost-saving.