Abstract
Tidal and wave energy represent promising and underutilized sources of renewable energy with the potential to significantly contribute to national power grids. The predictable and abundant nature of oceanic energy resources offers a unique opportunity to enhance energy security and diversify energy portfolios while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This research aims to systematically review the current state of tidal and wave energy technologies, assess the challenges and opportunities of integrating these sources into national power grids, and identify policy and regulatory changes needed to support their development. Key findings highlight significant advancements in turbine and converter technologies, the importance of sophisticated grid management and energy storage solutions, and the economic and regulatory barriers that need to be addressed. The implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers underscore the necessity of coordinated efforts and supportive frameworks to realize the full potential of tidal and wave energy, paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient energy future.