Foundations and gravity anchors are large and heavy structures that are placed on the seafloor. Their capacity to resist tensile, sliding and overturning forces is proportional to their weight. France Énergies Marines developed this Fact Sheet to describe the different foundations and anchors used for offshore renewable energy systems, and compare their advantages and limitations.
The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys Engineering.
| Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Collection Method | Operations | Device |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quantifying the Influence of Motion Damping on Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Devices | Ritchie, E., Gubesch, E. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber | Lab Data, Modeling, Full Scale, Scale Device | Hybrid Devices, Hydrodynamics, Substructure | ||
| Study on flow acceleration and self-orientation of duct structure for a rotatable tidal turbine | Lin, P., Jin, Z., Liu, W., Fan, Y., Lin, Y. | Journal Article | Current, Axial Flow Turbine, Tidal | Field Data, Lab Data, Modeling | Performance, Substructure | ||
| Effect of duct designs and external separated vortex on the performance of bidirectional ducted tidal turbines | Liu, S., Zhang, J., Sun, K., Lin, X., Xu, B., Yan, Z. | Journal Article | Current, Axial Flow Turbine | Modeling | Hydrodynamics, Performance, Substructure | ||
| Site selection and conceptual design of an offshore floating modular energy island in the United Kingdom | Ferguson, S., Gkantou, M., Nikitas, G., Ferentinou, M. | Conference Paper | Wave, Overtopping, Pressure Differential | Modeling | Grid Integration, Hybrid Devices, Substructure | ||
| White Paper on OTEC 2.0: Advancing Deployment and Innovation | Brito e Melo, A., Bastos, P., Baltazar, J., Chainho, P., Machado, I., Cândido, J. | Report | OTEC | Full Scale, Scale Device | Deployment, Survivability | Grid Integration, Hybrid Devices, Materials, Mooring, Structural, Substructure | |
| Ocean thermal energy conversion systems: The heat losses effect of the cold-water pipe | Aresti, L., Onoufriou, T., Michailides, C., Christodoulides, P. | Journal Article | OTEC | Modeling | Performance, Substructure | ||
| Design and Optimization of a Wave-Adaptive Mechanical Converter for Renewable Energy Harvesting Along NEOM’s Surf Coast | Gherissi, A., Elnasri, I., Lakhouit, A., Ali, M. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber | Lab Data | Materials, Performance, Substructure | ||
| CRIMSON Project: Full-scale Turbine Demonstration By Tank Tests | Falchi, M., Cronin, P., Dillon, C., Magionesi, F. , Rafiei, M., Salvatore, F. | Journal Article | Current, Cross Flow Turbine, Tidal | Lab Data, Full Scale | Performance, Substructure | ||
| Parametric resonance in wave energy converters and offshore wind turbines: A review | Davidson, J., Henriques, J., Galeazzi, R., Kalmár-Nagy, T. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber, Oscillating Water Column | Modeling | Hydrodynamics, Mooring, Performance, Structural, Substructure | ||
| Applications for a Swivel-based Mooring System that Improves System Reliability for Marine Energy Devices | Lowcher, C., Smith, M., Taylor, T., Logan, J., Hill, D., Guillen, U. | Presentation | Wave | Mooring, Substructure | |||
| Numerical and Experimental Investigation of a Ducky Wave Energy Converter and Its Impact on Floating Ocean Wind Turbines | Tao, T., Dong, Y., Guo, X., Liu, S., Jiang, Y., Yuan, Z. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber | Lab Data, Modeling | Array Effects, Hydrodynamics, Mooring, Power Take Off, Substructure | ||
| An efficient time domain model for hybrid floating wind-wave platforms considering multi-body constraints and mooring system | Zhang, K., Chen, M., Zhou, H., Chen, N., Liang, C., Hallak, T., Yun, Q., Tang, Y. | Journal Article | Wave, Oscillating Wave Surge Converter | Modeling | Hybrid Devices, Hydrodynamics, Mooring, Substructure | ||
| Development of a Dual-Input Hybrid Wave–Current Ocean Energy System: Design, Fabrication, and Performance Evaluation | Saeed, F., Sayeed, T., Hannan, M., Baslamah, A., Alhassan, A., Alarawi, T., Alsaadi, O., Alharees, M., Alshehri, S. | Journal Article | Current, Cross Flow Turbine, Wave, Point Absorber | Lab Data, Modeling, Scale Device | Hybrid Devices, Hydrodynamics, Performance, Power Take Off, Structural, Substructure | ||
| Design and comparative analysis of mooring systems for a combined wind and wave energy system at intermediate water depth | Fong Lee, C., Fjermedal, S., Chen Ong, M. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber, Oscillating Wave Surge Converter | Modeling | Hybrid Devices, Mooring, Performance, Substructure | ||
| Technology Readiness Level assessment of hydrokinetic energy converters | Malali, P., Ding, Z., Villavicencio, M. | Journal Article | Current, Axial Flow Turbine, Cross Flow Turbine, Tidal, Ocean Current, Riverine | Field Data, Lab Data, Modeling, Test Center, Full Scale, Scale Device | Deployment | Grid Integration, Mooring, Performance, Power Take Off, Structural, Substructure | |
| Effects of Co-Location of FOWTs and WECs on Mooring Cable Fatigue | Santos, M. | Thesis | Wave | Modeling, Full Scale | Survivability | Hybrid Devices, Hydrodynamics, Mooring, Substructure | |
| Lessons learned from the design and operation of a small-scale cross-flow tidal turbine | Bassett, C., Gibbs, P., Wood, H., Cavagnaro, R., Cunningham, B., Dosher, J., Polagye, B. | Journal Article | Current, Cross Flow Turbine, Tidal | Full Scale | Power Take Off, Substructure | ||
| Hydrodynamic Response of Mocean Wave Energy Converter in Extreme Waves | Samuel, J., Venugopal, V., Retzler, C., Ma, Q. | Journal Article | Wave | Lab Data, Scale Device | Hydrodynamics, Mooring, Substructure | ||
| Test rig for submerged transmissions in wave energy converters as a development tool for dynamic sealing systems | Svedström, A., Strömstedt, E. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber | Survivability | Substructure | ||
| A unique design of a hybrid wave energy converter | Alkhabbaz, A., Hamzah, H., Hamdoon, O., Yang, H., Easa, H., Lee, Y. | Journal Article | Wave, Attenuator | Lab Data, Modeling | Performance, Power Take Off, Structural, Substructure | ||
| Wave-Power Extraction by an Oscillating Water Column Device over a Step Bottom | Sahoo, G., Behera, H., Hsu, T. | Journal Article | Wave, Oscillating Water Column | Modeling | Performance, Structural, Substructure | ||
| Dynamic response of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine-point absorption wave energy hybrid energy system under rated and extreme conditions | Hua, H., Zhang, Y., Qin, Z., Yang, Y., Fernandez-Rodriguez, E. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber | Modeling | Survivability | Hybrid Devices, Mooring, Performance, Substructure | |
| Experimental investigation on energy conversion and vortex-induced vibration suppression of marine risers with turbine-type external devices | Li, P., Hao, L., Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Han, X., Ren, X., Lv, Y., Lou, M., Huang, Y. | Journal Article | Current, Wave | Lab Data | Performance, Substructure | ||
| Wave energy converter with multiple degrees of freedom for sustainable repurposing of decommissioned offshore platforms: An experimental study | Zhang, C., Li, D., Ding, Z., Liu, Y., Cao, F., Ning, D. | Journal Article | Wave, Point Absorber | Lab Data | Hydrodynamics, Substructure | ||
| Experimental study on a horizontal axis tidal turbine with diffuser and brim | Laksito, R., Harinaldi | Journal Article | Current, Axial Flow Turbine, Tidal | Lab Data | Structural, Substructure | ||
| Segmental-porosity regulation of nanochannel membranes with anomalously improved ion selectivity for enhanced osmotic power generation | Zhang, X., Zhu, J., Qu, Z. | Journal Article | Salinity Gradient | Modeling | Performance, Substructure | ||
| White Paper OTEC | Baltazar, J. | Report | OTEC | Full Scale, Scale Device | Survivability | Grid Integration, Materials, Mooring, Structural, Substructure | |
| Power absorption and dynamic response analysis of a hybrid system with a semi-submersible wind turbine and a Salter's duck wave energy converter array | He, G., Zhao, C., Liu, C., He, R., Luan, Z. | Journal Article | Wave | Modeling | Hybrid Devices, Substructure | ||
| Control Co-design for Confinement-exploiting Arrays of Cross-flow Turbines | Polagye, B., Franck, J., Wiebe, R., Williams, O., Baca, E., Motley, M., Hunt, A., Athair, A., Terry, B., Clay, A., Calandra, G., Talpey, G., Wiseman, M. | Presentation | Current, Cross Flow Turbine | Lab Data, Modeling | Array Effects, Performance, Substructure | ||
| A post-deployment engineering assessment of a small-scale tidal turbine | Bassett, C., Giibs, P., Wood, H., Cunningham, B., Dosher, J. | Presentation | Current, Cross Flow Turbine, Tidal | Field Data | Deployment | Performance, Power Take Off, Structural, Substructure | |
| System Integration of an Instrumented Open-Source Tidal Energy Converter (OSTEC) Testbed | Sedigh, P., Bichanich, M., Wosnik, M., Lannamann, K., Neary, S., Bharath, A., Cavagnaro, R., Raye, R. | Conference Paper | Current, Tidal | Structural, Substructure | |||
| An Experimental Investigation of Textured Response Between Micropile Forming Grout and Synthetic Rock | Flanagan, K., Gabr, M., Borden, R., Argall, R., Lasser, D. | Presentation | Lab Data | Materials, Structural, Substructure | |||
| Simulation of a Dual-Rotor Ocean Current Turbine with Variable Buoyancy and Lifting Surfaces for Motion Control | Mokari, H., VanZwieten, J., Tang, Y., Sninsky, J. | Conference Paper | Current, Axial Flow Turbine | Modeling | Performance, Substructure | ||
| Numerical Study on Retrievable Ocean Petal Anchor (ROPA) Behavior Supporting Marine Renewable Energy Devices | Jamaleddin, N., Jahanbakhsh, Y., Gabr, M., Williams, W. | Conference Paper | Current, Wave | Modeling | Mooring, Substructure | ||
| Status and Challenges of Marine Current Turbines: A Global Review | Gu, Y., Zou, T, Liu, H., Lin, Y. | Journal Article | Current, Axial Flow Turbine, Cross Flow Turbine, Kite | Array Effects, Power Take Off, Substructure | |||
| Scour processes around a horizontal axial tidal stream turbine supported by the tripod foundation | Lin, Z., Zhang, J., Guan, D., Zheng, J., Zhang, Y., Fernandez-Rodriguez, E., Gao, L. | Journal Article | Current, Axial Flow Turbine, Tidal | Lab Data, Scale Device | Hydrodynamics, Substructure | ||
| Numerical study on micropile group behavior supporting fixed bottom marine hydrokinetic devices in sandy seabed | Jamaleddin, N., Gabr, M., Borden, R., Argall, R., Lasser, D. | Journal Article | Current | Modeling | Mooring, Substructure | ||
| Hydrodynamic performance of a three-unit heave wave energy converter array under different arrangement | Chen, W., Huang, Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Huang, L. | Journal Article | Wave, Attenuator | Modeling | Array Effects, Hydrodynamics, Substructure | ||
| Internal flow effects in OTEC cold water pipe: Finite element modelling in frequency and time domain approaches | Habib, M., Adiputra, R., Prabowo, A., Erwandi, E., Muhayat, N. , Yasunaga, T., Ehlers, S., Braun, M. | Journal Article | OTEC, Closed-Cycle | Modeling | Hydrodynamics, Substructure | ||
| Vibrational Responses of an Ultra-Large Cold-Water Pipe for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: A Numerical Approach | Tan, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, L., Duan, Q., An, C., Duan, M. | Journal Article | OTEC, Closed-Cycle | Modeling | Hydrodynamics, Substructure |